Alps Orthopaedic Centre’s Medical Director and Consultant Orthopaedic Surgeon, Dr Jerry Chen has observed a growing demand for knee-related operations in recent years. One of the prime reasons is Singapore’s population has embraced a more physically active lifestyle lately. Although the upward trend in exercise is heartening, but it carries a heightened risk of joint impact, potentially leading to knee damage.
Thankfully with the option of undergoing partial knee replacement in Singapore, more and more patients are able to play tennis and golf or go hiking and diving on holidays. In this blog article, Dr Chen, who has amassed over 13 years of experience in Orthopaedic Surgery, will provide a concise overview of what patients should know about partial knee replacement.
What Is Partial Knee Replacement Surgery?
Partial knee replacement surgery, also known as unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA), is a minimally invasive procedure. This surgery is specifically designed for patients suffering from conditions, such as advanced arthritis, that are confined to a single compartment of the knee.
The procedure replaces only the damaged or diseased portion of the knee joint with a prosthetic implant and preserves the healthy parts of the knee. By maintaining most of the knee’s natural structure, patients often experience more natural knee movement post-surgery. This is because partial knee replacement helps to retain the knee’s original ligaments, including the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL), which is crucial for the knee’s stability and function. By targeting the specific damaged area, partial knee replacement offers an effective solution for pain relief and knee function while preserving the undamaged parts of the knee.
Who Should Get Partial Knee Replacement Surgery?
Partial knee replacement is suitable for patients with the following traits:
- Non-Surgical Treatments Have Proven to Be Ineffective: Patients who continue to experience severe, long-term knee pain despite non-surgical treatments like medication, physical therapy, or injections may benefit from partial knee replacement.
- Localised Osteoarthritis: The procedure is ideal for individuals with osteoarthritis limited to one compartment of the knee, typically the medial (inner) compartment.
- Intact Ligaments: Candidates should have healthy knee ligaments, particularly the Anterior Cruciate Ligament, as it plays a significant role in the knee’s overall stability.
- Good Range of Motion: Individuals with a reasonable range of motion in their knee are more suited for this surgery, as it indicates that the knee’s remaining parts can function well with the implant
- General Health: The patient should be in good overall health and able to undergo the stress of surgery and anaesthesia.
Benefits Versus Risks of Partial Knee Replacement
| Benefits | Risks |
Extensive research has proven that partial knee replacement has the potential to boost a patient’s quality of life through the following mechanisms:
| As with any surgical procedure, partial knee replacement carries minor possible risks, including:
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Nonetheless, with proper patient selection, surgical technique, and postoperative protocols, the risk of complications can be minimised. Rest assured that partial knee replacement is considered a safe and effective treatment for localised knee osteoarthritis when performed by an experienced orthopaedic surgeon like Alps Orthopaedic Centre’s Dr Chen.
Moreover, it is crucial to understand that partial knee replacement is not suitable for every patient. The choice to proceed with the surgery should be made in collaboration with an orthopaedic surgeon, considering each patient’s specific condition and personal preferences.
How to Prepare for the Surgery?
Preparation for partial knee replacement surgery involves several important steps:
- Medical Evaluation: A thorough medical evaluation, including imaging tests like X-rays or MRIs, is conducted to confirm the extent of arthritis and determine the suitability for partial knee replacement.
- Preoperative Instructions: Your surgeon will provide specific preoperative instructions, including any necessary adjustments to medications. This may involve stopping certain medications that can increase the risk of bleeding.
- Arrange Postoperative Care: It is essential to arrange for postoperative care, include scheduling physical therapy appointments. Having a support system in place can significantly aid in a smooth recovery.
- Fasting: Patients are typically instructed to fast for a certain period before the surgery to ensure an empty stomach during anaesthesia.
Following these preparation steps can help ensure a successful surgery and smooth recovery.
What Happens During the Surgery?
Partial knee replacement surgery involves several key steps:
- Sterilisation and Anaesthesia: The surgical site is sterilised, and anaesthesia is administered to minimise discomfort.
- Incision: A small incision is made over the affected part of the knee to access the damaged compartment.
- Removal of Damaged Tissue: The surgeon removes the damaged bone and cartilage from the targeted compartment using specialised instruments.
- Implant Placement: The prosthetic components are fitted into the knee. These components are designed to mimic the natural shape and movement of the knee joint.
- Closure: The wound is closed.
The entire surgical procedure typically takes about 45 to 60 minutes. The minimally invasive approach helps to reduce the surgical time and the extent of tissue disruption.
Recovery and Post-surgical Care
Post-surgery recovery involves several components:
- Hospital Stay: Patients usually stay in the hospital for a day, depending on their individual progress.
- Early Mobilisation: Early mobilisation and walking with the help of a physical therapist are encouraged to promote healing and regain knee function.
- Pain Management: Pain management through prescribed medications helps to eliminate postoperative pain and discomfort.
- Physical Therapy: A structured physical therapy programme is essential for regaining strength, flexibility, and function in the knee.
- Follow-Up Appointments: Regular follow-up appointments with an orthopaedic surgeon are necessary to monitor the healing process and the stability of the implant.
By adhering to the recommended recovery and care guidelines, many patients can achieve optimal outcomes and return to their normal activities sooner.
Get Partial Knee Replacement Surgery in Singapore
In Singapore, partial knee replacement surgery is available at orthopaedic specialist clinics, including Alps Orthopaedic Centre. Consulting with a specialist at a reputable orthopaedic clinic in Singapore enables you to determine the suitability of partial knee replacement and gain detailed guidance throughout the treatment process.
For specialised advice tailored to your knee condition, please schedule an appointment with Alps Orthopaedic Centre’s Consultant Orthopaedic Surgeon, Dr Jerry Chen. Dr Chen is one of the few surgeons who specialise in UKA surgery in Southeast Asia. His patients have great outcomes after their UKA surgeries experiencing a significant improvement in knee mobility, and functionality as well as a reduction in knee pain. Notably, many of them could return to the sports that they love, namely playing tennis and golf, hiking and jogging (including marathons).
Alps Orthopaedic Centre also specialises in same-day total knee replacement surgery executed with Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) protocols and robotic total knee replacement.
